The SNP hope to build up a cross-party consensus to defeat UK Government efforts to repeal the Human Rights Act.
Party leader Nicola Sturgeon said scrapping the legislation would be an “appallingly retrograde step”.
David Cameron’s intention to replace the act with a British bill of rights is expected to be in the Queen’s Speech on Wednesday.
Ms Sturgeon said: “The SNP’s priority is ending austerity, and the damage it does to people’s lives – the Tory government’s priority is ending human rights, and the opportunities for fairness they offer ordinary men and women.
“For example, it was the Human Rights Act that enabled people to go to court in this country to challenge the grossly unfair bedroom tax.
“To scrap the Human Rights Act would be an appallingly retrograde step.”
Scottish Social Justice Secretary Alex Neil has already written to Michael Gove, the new Lord Chancellor and Justice Secretary to reiterate the Scottish Government’s opposition to repealing the Human Rights Act.
Ms Sturgeon also raise the matter when she meet David Cameron in Edinburgh last week.
“SNP MPs will work across party lines at Westminster to defeat the Tory government on the Human Rights Act – and the SNP Government will invite the Scottish Parliament to refuse legislative consent to scrap it, given the strong devolved dimension,” the first minister said.
This important issue illustrates how Holyrood working together with SNP MPs and others at Westminster can challenge a Tory agenda that lacks legitimacy in Scotland – and help the cause of progressive politics across the UK.”
On the Scotland Bill, expected to be published next week, Ms Sturgeon said that a key test of the UK Government’s good faith would be whether the bill lives up to both the spirit and letter of the Smith Commission – which the draft legislation published in January did not.