Calendar An icon of a desk calendar. Cancel An icon of a circle with a diagonal line across. Caret An icon of a block arrow pointing to the right. Email An icon of a paper envelope. Facebook An icon of the Facebook "f" mark. Google An icon of the Google "G" mark. Linked In An icon of the Linked In "in" mark. Logout An icon representing logout. Profile An icon that resembles human head and shoulders. Telephone An icon of a traditional telephone receiver. Tick An icon of a tick mark. Is Public An icon of a human eye and eyelashes. Is Not Public An icon of a human eye and eyelashes with a diagonal line through it. Pause Icon A two-lined pause icon for stopping interactions. Quote Mark A opening quote mark. Quote Mark A closing quote mark. Arrow An icon of an arrow. Folder An icon of a paper folder. Breaking An icon of an exclamation mark on a circular background. Camera An icon of a digital camera. Caret An icon of a caret arrow. Clock An icon of a clock face. Close An icon of the an X shape. Close Icon An icon used to represent where to interact to collapse or dismiss a component Comment An icon of a speech bubble. Comments An icon of a speech bubble, denoting user comments. Comments An icon of a speech bubble, denoting user comments. Ellipsis An icon of 3 horizontal dots. Envelope An icon of a paper envelope. Facebook An icon of a facebook f logo. Camera An icon of a digital camera. Home An icon of a house. Instagram An icon of the Instagram logo. LinkedIn An icon of the LinkedIn logo. Magnifying Glass An icon of a magnifying glass. Search Icon A magnifying glass icon that is used to represent the function of searching. Menu An icon of 3 horizontal lines. Hamburger Menu Icon An icon used to represent a collapsed menu. Next An icon of an arrow pointing to the right. Notice An explanation mark centred inside a circle. Previous An icon of an arrow pointing to the left. Rating An icon of a star. Tag An icon of a tag. Twitter An icon of the Twitter logo. Video Camera An icon of a video camera shape. Speech Bubble Icon A icon displaying a speech bubble WhatsApp An icon of the WhatsApp logo. Information An icon of an information logo. Plus A mathematical 'plus' symbol. Duration An icon indicating Time. Success Tick An icon of a green tick. Success Tick Timeout An icon of a greyed out success tick. Loading Spinner An icon of a loading spinner. Facebook Messenger An icon of the facebook messenger app logo. Facebook An icon of a facebook f logo. Facebook Messenger An icon of the Twitter app logo. LinkedIn An icon of the LinkedIn logo. WhatsApp Messenger An icon of the Whatsapp messenger app logo. Email An icon of an mail envelope. Copy link A decentered black square over a white square.

What does jailing of Craig Murray and end of Wings Over Scotland mean for political bloggers?

Political bloggers Craig Murray
Professor Sarah Pedersen says we "are coming to a new kind of time for social media users".

A top media expert says controversial political bloggers might think twice about what they post after the sentencing of Craig Murray.

Professor Sarah Pedersen, a lecturer in communications and media at Robert Gordon University, made the comments after political blogger Craig Murray was jailed for eight months for repeatedly breaching a court order that protected the identities of the women who accused former first minister Alex Salmond of sexual assault.

Only a day later, pro-independence blogger Stuart Campbell announced his Wings Over Scotland blog is “over”, although he added he will take a “finally-final” decision on the blog’s future in November.

Mr Campbell said it has become “blindingly obvious” there will be no independence referendum in this parliament, and says “five miserable years of déjà vu” lie ahead, despite the pro-independence majority at Holyrood.

Craig Murray sentencing

Following Stuart Campbell’s announcement about the future of Wings Over Scotland, Professor Pedersen says the sentencing of Craig Murray will make a lot of political bloggers consider their position.

Stuart Campbell from Wings Over Scotland.

She said: “Stuart Campbell seems to have shocked quite a lot of people by doing this.

“Blogs in general do come to an end because they are very much driven by a passionate interest, whether it is politics or fashion or whatever, and it is consumed by that interest and the enthusiasm of the readership.

“I think Mr Campbell has also got an eye on Craig Murray because that case might have implications for bloggers going forward.

Political bloggers Craig Murray
Craig Murray, who has been jailed for eight months.

“Craig Murray’s case has probably made many bloggers on contentious political issues consider their own position and it is quite a coincidence the announcement on Wings Over Scotland comes at the same time.

“Stuart Campbell is probably not the only political blogger to start thinking about what they are saying.

We are coming to a new kind of time for social media users.”

“There are ethics on what you can and can’t say, and backing up what you say with evidence, and that is now perhaps being brought to bear more on social media.

“The fact Alba didn’t do very well in the polls will also have had an impact on Stuart Campbell’s decision.”

Wings Over Scotland and Kezia Dugdale

Stuart Campbell himself has been no stranger to the legal implications of what is said on social media, after he tried to take former Scottish Labour leader Kezia Dugdale to court for defamation.

In 2017 Kezia Dugdale wrote in her column for the Daily Record that Mr Campbell sent a tweet during the Conservative Party conference where he said Oliver Mundell (Conservative MSP for Dumfriesshire) “is the sort of public speaker that makes you wish his dad had embraced his homosexuality sooner”.

Kezia Dugdale accused him in her column of spouting “hatred and homophobia” towards others and making a homophobic reference towards Mr Mundell’s father, David Mundell.

Kezia Dugdale, former Scottish Labour leader, leaves court during the defamation case.

Stuart Campbell, however, said Ms Dugdale had made a false statement about him and this would lead readers to wrongly believe he did not like gay people.

He wanted to sue Kezia Dugdale for £25,000 at Edinburgh Sheriff Court but Sheriff Nigel Ross QC ruled against him, leading him to take the case to the Inner House of the Court of Session.

There, however, Lord Carloway, Lord Menzies and Lord Brodie agreed with Sheriff Ross’s decision, and said Kezia Dugdale’s words were fair comment, adding the tweet was derogatory and contained a gratuitous reference to David Mundell’s homosexuality.

Despite this, Stuart Campbell insists his tweet was not a homophobic reference to David Mundell being gay, but instead a satirical criticism of Oliver Mundell’s public speaking skills – had the Court of Session agreed with him, Mr Campbell would have been awarded £5,000.

Social media is no longer a wild west

Professor Pedersen says what has happened to both Craig Murray and Stuart Campbell this week fits into the wider picture of governments across the world beginning to look at the power social media has, and discuss whether or not more guidelines need to be introduced to regulate what is said on social media.

This also comes after former US president Donald Trump was permanently banned from Twitter earlier this year “due to the risk of further incitement of violence”.

Former US president Donald Trump.

Professor Pedersen said: “We are coming to a new kind of time for social media users.

“It is no longer a wild west where anything goes. Governments are starting to move against not just individual bloggers, but social media giants.

“The decision about the power they have fits into the wider picture of governments beginning to realise the power that social media has and the need for more guidelines to be introduced.

“For a long time social media giants said they were not publishers, they were technology, and therefore didn’t make editorial decisions.

“But the decision to remove Donald Trump shows they have stepped away from just providing the technology to making decisions about who speaks and who doesn’t.”

New political bloggers could be on the horizon

Despite Craig Murray being sentenced and Wings Over Scotland calling it a day this week, Professor Pedersen does not think this spells the end of political blogging on the Scottish constitution.

She says the void left behind by these two prominent pro-independence bloggers will soon be filled by new bloggers who are keen to share their political opinions.

She said: “There are sure to be new political blogs all the time.

“It is fast moving and always changing so when a blogger steps back it creates an opportunity for a new blogger.

“We are all online and we want to read the latest opinions, and we want them for free so there will be new writers coming along, although they might not be producing a formal blog.

“All of these places will publish essays and controversial opinion pieces that perhaps wouldn’t go through an editor’s gatekeeping in a newspaper.”